Consider the following statements : 1. An amendment to the Constitution of India can be initiated by an introduction of a bill in the Lok Sabha only. 2. If such an amendment seeks to make changes in the federal character of the Constitution, the amendment also requires to be ratified by the legislature of all the States of India. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1. Statement 1 is incorrect. According to Article 368 of the Constitution of India, an amendment to the Constitution can be initiated by the introduction of a bill for the purpose in *either House of Parliament* (i.e., Lok Sabha or Rajya Sabha), not only in the Lok Sabha. 2. Statement 2 is incorrect. If an amendment seeks to make changes in the federal character of the Constitution (specifically those provisions listed under the proviso to Article 368(2)), the amendment also requires to be ratified by the legislature of *not less than one-half* of the States, not by the legislatures of *all* the States of India.