GS PrelimsHistory (Modern India)Socio Religious Reforms2001

Consider the following statements: 1. Arya Samaj was founded in 1835. 2. Lala Lajpat Rai opposed the appeal of Arya Samaj to the authority of Vedas in support of its social reform programmes. 3. Under Keshab Chandra Sen, the Brahmo Samaj campaigned for women's education. 4. Vinoba Bhave founded the Sarvodaya Samaj to work among refugees. Which of these statements are correct?

A

I and II

B

II and III

C

II and IV

D

III and IV

Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation

Evaluating the correctness of the statements: 1. Statement 1: Arya Samaj was founded by Dayananda Saraswati in 1875, not 1835. So, statement 1 is incorrect. 2. Statement 2: Lala Lajpat Rai was a prominent leader of the Arya Samaj. He strongly believed in its principles, including the authority of the Vedas. He did not oppose the appeal to Vedas; rather, he embraced it. So, statement 2 is incorrect. 3. Statement 3: Under the leadership of Keshab Chandra Sen, the Brahmo Samaj (specifically the Brahmo Samaj of India faction) actively campaigned for social reforms, including women's education. So, statement 3 is correct. 4. Statement 4: Vinoba Bhave founded the Sarvodaya Samaj, inspired by Gandhian philosophy. He worked extensively on issues like Bhoodan (land gift movement) and Gramdan (village gift movement) for the welfare of the landless and worked among various sections of society, including refugees after partition, promoting self-sufficiency and community upliftment. So, statement 4 is correct. Therefore, statements III and IV are correct.

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