People drinking water from a shallow hand pump are likely to suffer from all of the following diseases except
Correct Answer: Option D
Explanation
1. Shallow hand pumps often draw water from sources that are susceptible to surface contamination.
2. Diseases like Cholera (caused by Vibrio cholerae), Typhoid (caused by Salmonella Typhi), and Jaundice (often caused by Hepatitis A or E virus) are primarily waterborne diseases spread through fecal contamination of water.
3. Therefore, people drinking water from contaminated shallow hand pumps are at risk of contracting these diseases.
4. Fluorosis, however, is a condition caused by excessive intake of fluoride, typically from groundwater sources naturally high in fluoride content. It is a chemical contamination issue, not a microbial one directly associated with the sanitary quality of shallow water in the way the other diseases are. While shallow wells *can* have high fluoride, it's not the typical disease vector implied by 'shallow hand pump' contamination risk alongside cholera/typhoid/jaundice.
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