The Narmada river flows to the west, while most other large peninsular rivers flow to the east. Why?
1. It occupies a linear rift valley.
2. It flows between the Vindhyas and the Satpuras.
3. The land slopes to the west from Central India.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
Correct Answer: Option A
Explanation
1. The general slope of the Indian peninsula is from west to east, causing most major peninsular rivers like Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, and Cauvery to flow east into the Bay of Bengal.
2. The Narmada river, along with the Tapti river, is an exception, flowing westward.
3. The primary reason for the Narmada's westward flow is that it occupies a linear rift valley. This rift valley is a trough formed due to faulting in the Earth's crust, and the river follows this structural depression towards the Arabian Sea. Statement 1 is correct.
4. While the Narmada does flow between the Vindhyas and Satpuras (Statement 2), this is a description of its path within the rift valley, not the fundamental reason for its westward direction.
5. The statement that the land slopes to the west from Central India (Statement 3) is incorrect in the general context of the peninsular slope. The rift valley's structure dictates the local slope for the Narmada, overriding the general eastward slope of the peninsula.
6. Therefore, the existence of the rift valley is the key reason for the Narmada's westward flow.
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