The shaded area in the above map shows the empire of

1. The question asks to identify the ruler whose empire is represented by the shaded area on the given map. 2. (Assuming the map shows the maximum extent of the Delhi Sultanate, covering almost the entire subcontinent including the deep south). The Tughlaq dynasty, particularly under Mohammad bin Tughlaq, saw the Delhi Sultanate reach its largest territorial extent. 3. While Ala-ud-din Khilji's armies campaigned extensively in the South, the area under direct administration arguably peaked under Mohammad bin Tughlaq before subsequent fragmentation. 4. The Mughal empires under Shah Jahan and Aurangzeb were vast but had different boundaries, particularly in the northwest and the southern tip, compared to the peak Tughlaq extent. 5. Therefore, if the map shows the near-total extent including the far south, it likely represents the empire of Mohammad Tughlaq.