Which of the following are associated with 'Planning' in India? 1. The Finance Commission 2. The National Development Council 3. The Union Ministry of Rural Development 4. The Union Ministry of Urban Development 5. The Parliament Select the correct answer using the code given below.

1. The question asks which entities were associated with 'Planning' in India, primarily referring to the era of Five-Year Plans coordinated by the Planning Commission. 2. Statement 1: The Finance Commission deals with the distribution of financial resources between the Union and the States. While its recommendations impact resource availability for plans, its core function is distinct from the formulation and approval of the Five-Year Plans themselves. Thus, not directly associated in the primary sense. 3. Statement 2: The National Development Council (NDC), comprising the Prime Minister, Union Cabinet Ministers, Chief Ministers of States, and members of the Planning Commission, was the apex body responsible for approving the draft Five-Year Plans. Thus, it was directly associated with Planning. 4. Statement 3 & 4: The Union Ministry of Rural Development and the Union Ministry of Urban Development are primarily implementing bodies. While they undertake planning for their respective sectors and implement schemes outlined in the Five-Year Plans, they were not central to the *overall* formulation and approval process of the national Plan framework in the same way as the NDC or Planning Commission. 5. Statement 5: The Parliament discusses the Five-Year Plans and approves the annual budgets which provide financial allocation for the plan objectives. It exercises legislative oversight over the planning process. Thus, it was directly associated with Planning. Considering the core roles in plan approval and legislative oversight, the National Development Council (2) and the Parliament (5) are the most directly associated entities.