Which of the following grants/grant direct credit assistance to rural households? 1. Regional Rural Banks 2. National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development 3. Land Development Banks Select the correct answer using the codes given below.

1. The question asks which institutions provide direct credit assistance to rural households. 2. Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) were established specifically to cater to the credit needs of the rural poor, including small and marginal farmers, agricultural labourers, artisans, and small entrepreneurs. They provide direct credit assistance. 3. The National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) is an apex institution. Its primary role is to provide refinance facilities to institutions like RRBs, cooperative banks, and commercial banks for their rural lending activities. It generally does *not* provide direct credit assistance to individual rural households, focusing instead on refinancing and institutional development. 4. Land Development Banks (LDBs), now often part of State Cooperative Agriculture and Rural Development Banks (SCARDBs), specialize in providing long-term credit directly to farmers for agricultural development purposes like land improvement, farm mechanization, and minor irrigation. They provide direct credit assistance. 5. Therefore, Regional Rural Banks (1) and Land Development Banks (3) grant direct credit assistance to rural households.