GS PrelimsEnvironmentEcosystem2015

Which one of the following is the best description of the term 'ecosystem?

A

A community of organisms interacting with one another

B

That part of the Earth which is inhabited by living organisms

C

A community of organisms together with the environment in which they live

D

The flora and fauna of a geographical area

Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation

1. The question asks for the best description of the term 'ecosystem'. 2. An ecosystem is defined as a biological community of interacting organisms (biotic components) and their physical environment (abiotic components), such as air, water, and mineral soil. 3. Option (C) 'A community of organisms together with the environment in which they live' accurately captures both the biotic (community of organisms) and abiotic (environment) components and their association. 4. Option (A) 'A community of organisms interacting with one another' describes only the biotic interactions within a community, omitting the essential abiotic environment. 5. Option (B) 'That part of the Earth which is inhabited by living organisms' describes the biosphere, which is a much broader concept than a specific ecosystem. 6. Option (D) 'The flora and fauna of a geographical area' refers only to the plant (flora) and animal (fauna) life, which are parts of the biotic component, but it misses other organisms (like fungi, bacteria) and the crucial abiotic environment. 7. Therefore, option (C) provides the most comprehensive and accurate description of an ecosystem.

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