Which one of the following is the process involved in photosynthesis?

1. Photosynthesis is the process used by plants, algae, and cyanobacteria to convert light energy into chemical energy. 2. Option (A) is incorrect. Photosynthesis involves storing energy, not releasing potential energy to form free energy. 3. Option (B) is correct. During photosynthesis, light energy (a form of free energy) is captured and used to synthesize sugar molecules (like glucose) from carbon dioxide and water. This process converts light energy into chemical potential energy stored in the bonds of these sugar molecules. 4. Option (C) describes cellular respiration, where food (like glucose) is oxidized to release energy, producing carbon dioxide and water as byproducts. This is essentially the reverse of photosynthesis. 5. Option (D) describes respiration in animals or the gas exchange part of respiration in plants. Photosynthesis, conversely, takes in carbon dioxide and releases oxygen.