Which one of the following statements does not apply to the system of Subsidiary Alliance introduced by Lord Wellesley?
A
To maintain a large standing army at other's expense
B
To keep India safe from Napoleonic danger
C
To secure a fixed income for the Company
D
To establish British paramountcy over the Indian States
Correct Answer: Option C
Explanation
1. The question asks which statement does not apply to the system of Subsidiary Alliance introduced by Lord Wellesley.
2. Statement (A) applies. A key feature of the Subsidiary Alliance was that the allied Indian ruler had to accept the stationing of a British contingent within their territory and pay for its maintenance. This allowed the British to maintain a large standing army at other's expense.
3. Statement (B) applies. The period of Wellesley's governorship coincided with the Napoleonic Wars in Europe. The fear of French influence in India, potentially allied with Indian rulers like Tipu Sultan, was a major driver behind Wellesley's aggressive policy. The alliances aimed to exclude French influence and keep India safe from Napoleonic danger (from a British perspective).
4. Statement (D) applies. The Subsidiary Alliance system was a primary tool used by Wellesley to establish British paramountcy over the Indian States. By controlling their defence and foreign relations, the British effectively reduced the allied states to dependent status.
5. Statement (C) does not apply as a primary or direct objective. While the payments received for maintaining troops contributed to the Company's finances, the main purpose was not simply to secure a fixed income. The system's primary aims were strategic and political: expanding British control, eliminating rivals (especially the French), and maintaining a large army cost-effectively.