With reference to 'Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD)' sometimes mentioned in the news while forecasting Indian monsoon, which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. IOD phenomenon is characterised by a difference in sea surface temperature between tropical Western Indian Ocean and tropical Eastern Pacific Ocean.
2. An IOD phenomenon can influence an El Nino's impact on the monsoon.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
A
1 only
B
2 only
C
Both 1 and 2
D
Neither 1 nor 2
Correct Answer: Option B
Explanation
1. Statement 1 is incorrect. The Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) phenomenon is characterised by a difference in sea surface temperature between the tropical Western Indian Ocean and the tropical Eastern Indian Ocean, not the Eastern Pacific Ocean.
2. Statement 2 is correct. The IOD phenomenon is known to influence the Indian monsoon, and its phase (positive or negative) can modulate the impact of El Nino. For example, a positive IOD can potentially offset the drought-inducing effect of El Nino on the Indian monsoon.
3. Therefore, only statement 2 is correct.