With reference to micro-irrigation, which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. Fertilizer/nutrient loss can be reduced.
2. It is the only means of irrigation in dry land farming.
3. In some areas of farming, receding of ground water table can be checked.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below :
Correct Answer: Option C
Explanation
1. Micro-irrigation systems, such as drip irrigation and sprinklers, apply water directly to the root zone of plants in small, controlled amounts.
2. Statement 1 is correct: By applying water and dissolved fertilizers/nutrients directly to the root zone (fertigation), micro-irrigation minimizes runoff and deep percolation. This significantly reduces fertilizer/nutrient loss compared to flood irrigation.
3. Statement 2 is incorrect: While micro-irrigation is highly efficient and beneficial for water-scarce areas, it is not the *only means* of irrigation in dry land farming. Other methods like rainwater harvesting, supplemental irrigation, and drought-resistant crop selection are also part of dry land farming strategies. Also, dry land farming primarily relies on rainfall.
4. Statement 3 is correct: Micro-irrigation uses significantly less water compared to traditional methods. By reducing the amount of water extracted from groundwater sources for irrigation, it can help slow down or check the receding of the ground water table in areas heavily dependent on groundwater for farming.
Therefore, statements 1 and 3 are correct.
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