With reference to Pondicherry (now Puducherry), consider the following statements: 1. The first European power to occupy Pondicherry were the Portuguese. 2. The second European power to occupy Pondicherry were the French. 3. The English never occupied Pondicherry. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1. The question asks about the correctness of statements regarding the European occupation of Pondicherry (Puducherry). 2. Statement 1: Claims the first European power to occupy Pondicherry were the Portuguese. The Portuguese did establish a trading post near Pondicherry in the 16th century, but the settlement that became the city of Pondicherry was developed later. Historical sources confirm Portuguese presence and initial settlement activity in the area, making them arguably the first European power with a foothold there. This statement is generally considered correct in that context. 3. Statement 2: Claims the second European power to occupy Pondicherry were the French. After the Portuguese, the Danes and then the Dutch established presence. The French East India Company purchased the site in 1673/74 and established it as their main settlement. The French were arguably the fourth major European power, not the second, to have a significant presence or control. This statement is incorrect. 4. Statement 3: Claims the English never occupied Pondicherry. Pondicherry was captured by the Dutch (allied with the English briefly) and later multiple times by the British (English) during various Anglo-French conflicts (e.g., during the Seven Years' War, Napoleonic Wars). It was eventually returned to France. Thus, the English did occupy Pondicherry on several occasions. This statement is incorrect. 5. Therefore, only statement 1 can be considered correct (acknowledging Portuguese initial presence).